Classes and Objects

As of v0.10.0, Embr has classes.

Class Declaration

In Embr, a class is declared using the class keyword followed by the class name and a block of code containing methods. A class serves as a blueprint for creating objects (instants).

Syntax

class ClassName {
  // Method definitions
}

Example:

class Animal {
  speak() {
    out "Animal sound";
  }
}

Instantiating Objects

To create an object from a class, call the class name followed by parentheses. This invokes the class's initializer if it has one.

Syntax:

var objectName = ClassName();

Example:

var dog = Animal();
dog.speak(); // outputs: Animal sound

Methods

Methods are functions defined within a class. They can be called on objects instantiated from the class.

Syntax:

class ClassName {
  methodName() {
    // method body
  }
}

Example:

class Dog {
  bark() {
    out "Woof!";
  }
}

var my_dog = Dog();
my_dog.bark(); // outputs: Woof!

Initializer (Constructor)

An initializer is a special method named init that gets called when an object is created. It initializes the object's state.

Syntax:

class ClassName {
  init() {
    // initialization code
  }
}

Example:

class Person {
  init(name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  greet() {
    out "Hello, " + this.name;
  }
}

var alice = Person("Alice");
alice.greet(); // outputs: Hello, Alice

Inheritance and Super

Embr supports single inheritance, allowing a class to inherit methods and properties from another class using the < symbol. The super keyword is used to call methods from the superclass.

Syntax:

class SubClass < SuperClass {
  // subclass methods
}

Example:

class Vehicle {
  start() {
    out "Vehicle starting";
  }
}

class Car < Vehicle {
  start() {
    super.start();
    out "Car starting";
  }
}

var my_car = Car();
my_car.start(); 
// Outputs: 
// Vehicle starting
// Car starting